Damascus below Mount Qasioun — the setting of the Al Adawi Park site

Damascus, Syria · Site Analysis

The land, read honestly

The site analysis for Al Adawi Park — existing conditions, the measured boundary, the Damascus climate it must answer, its constraints, strengths and design principles. The full deliverability read lives in the companion feasibility study.

01  Site Context & Existing Conditions

One of the last large open parcels in northern Damascus

The site is the Abou Jarash gardens and Faculty-of-Agriculture lands at 33.5375°N, 36.3189°E — between the Rukn al-Din, Abu Jarash and Mazraa districts, below the southern slope of Mount Qasioun, on the historic edge of the Ghouta oasis.

≈300 ha
deed-verified plot — 2,935,090 m² (DWG register, locked) Verified
≈40 ha
usable public core (conservative scenario) Provisional
5,000
design-day capacity target
80 m²
space per visitor at the design day

Existing conditions inventory

  • Open / formerly agricultural land — the reclaimable core
  • Remnant orchard & mature trees (retain and extend)
  • Existing buildings & under-construction plots — preserved and bordered
  • Road frontage + a bounding boulevard; fine-grained blocks around
  • Site wells / water points (yield to be surveyed)
  • HV electricity corridor & sewer grading zone (survey drawings)

Surrounding fabric (OpenStreetMap sample)

  • Building footprints: 2,393
  • Road segments: 1,246
  • Water features: 42 · green polygons: 19
  • Anchors: Faculty of Agriculture, mosques, schools, clinics, markets, Abu Jarash mausoleum
  • OSM-derived
Satellite view of the Al Adawi Park site in northern Damascus with the masterplan overlaid — the national park boundary, Al Adawi Street frontage, the Northern Damascus gateway, the residential complex and the tourist resort, labelled in Arabic on a GeoEye base
The site in context — the masterplan overlaid on satellite imagery. Labelled: حديقة العدوي الوطنية Al Adawi National Park · شارع العدوي Al Adawi Street · مدخل دمشق الشمالي Northern Damascus Gateway · المجمع السكني Residential Complex · المنتجع السياحي Tourist Resort. Base imagery © GeoEye 2012.

02  Demarcation

A deed-verified plot — locked geometry, not a sketch

The plot is fixed by the DWG geometry register (27 May 2026, verified & locked): a 16-vertex deed hull of 2,935,090 m² ≈ 3,000,000 m² in Syrian Transverse Mercator (Levant Zone), independently cross-checked at 2,944,870 m². The drawn landscape boundary — the exact 109-vertex polygon from the project KML, ≈250 ha — sits inside it. Both are rendered live on the interactive map.

Deed plot area

≈300 ha

2,935,090 m² verified

Dimensions

2,315 × 2,121 m

E–W width × N–S height

Perimeter

6.9 km

6,884 m · fill ratio 60.3%

Geometry

16 + 109 vt

deed hull + drawn boundary · centroid ≈33°32′N 36°19′E

Land-use allocation — 70 / 20 / 10 on 3,000,000 m²

ZoneShareAreaContentStatus
Park-Led Landscape70%2,100,000 m² · 210 haOpen lawns, olive groves, gardens, promenades, water featuresLocked
Activity & Amenity20%600,000 m² · 60 haSports courts, play areas, F&B, community facilities, lagoonLocked
Iconic High-Rise10%300,000 m² · 30 haTower footprints, podiums, arrival plazasPending verification

Open the interactive map — deed plot, drawn boundary & highlighted roads →   Verified & locked High-rise allocation pending verification

03  Program Masterplan

The official project program — the components on the plot

The government site plan (مخطط موقع المشروع) sets the program the wellbeing landscape is designed around: a national-park core wrapped by cultural, family-recreation, tourism and residential components, stitched by the Rose Road spine and the Al Adawi Street frontage. Areas below are transcribed exactly as annotated on the official plan.

Official colour-coded program masterplan of Al Adawi Park, Damascus — zones for the national park, cultural city, zoo, recreation and water-play cities, residential project, alternative housing, compound and the Al Adawi tourist resort, labelled in Arabic with areas
Official project site plan · مخطط موقع المشروع — component zoning with annotated areas. Source: project masterplan document.
ComponentبالعربيةArea (as annotated)
Cultural Cityالمدينة الثقافية154,000 m²
Zoological Gardenحديقة الحيوان240,000 m²
Recreation Cityمدينة الملاهي60,000 m²
Water-Play Cityمدينة الألعاب المائية40,000 m²
Residential Projectالمشروع السكني223,500 m²
Alternative Housingالسكن البديل322,000 m² floor
The Compoundالكومباوند200,000 m² floor
Al Adawi Tourist Resort — boulevard & towerمنتجع العدوي السياحي
Rose Road — landscape spineطريق الورد

Official plan — as provided Areas transcribed from the annotated site plan (طابقي = built floor area). The tourist-resort tower corresponds to the iconic high-rise allocation in the deed register; the national-park core is the park-led majority. Final program subject to authority approval

04  Environmental Response

Sun, heat and a continental year

Damascus is hot-dry in summer and cool-wet in winter, sheltered from the sea by mountains. The design answers the sun and heat first — this is the single biggest driver of the plan.

Summer sun · Jun–Aug

High overhead sun, ≈28 °C average with 40 °C+ heatwaves; near-zero rainfall. Deep canopy + evening use.

Western afternoon sun

Strong low western sun stresses west-facing edges. Shade structures & tree lines to the west.

Winter · Dec–Feb

≈7 °C, lows near 0 °C, low southern sun; most of the 130–202 mm rain falls now. Sun-catching south terraces.

Water & dryness

Dry air, high evaporation. Moving water for cooling; drought-tolerant, low-water planting.

Wind & dust

Dry-season dust off arid edges and roads. Planted buffers & wind-aware axes for cross-ventilation.

Qasioun backdrop

The mountain frames every north-west view. Sightlines and arrival oriented to it.

Verified climate inputs Seasonal-comfort banding is Calculated; see the climate model.

The planting answer — a drought-tolerant Mediterranean palette

Planting palette board for Al Adawi Park — three isometric garden vignettes of drought-tolerant Mediterranean species with numbered plant lists: holm oak, stone pine, Italian cypress, lavender, rosemary, cistus and succulents
Illustrative planting palette — three drought-tolerant garden typologies with species lists. Landscape design study.

≈80% Mediterranean & native species

The planting answers the heat and dryness directly — species that thrive on little water and read as local:

  • Backbone trees — holm oak, stone pine, Italian cypress, strawberry tree
  • Structure shrubs — mastic, cistus, phillyrea, teucrium
  • Aromatic ground layer — lavender, rosemary, thyme
  • Drought grasses & succulents — Stipa, Festuca, Sedum, Echeveria, Aeonium

Landscape design study Species indicative; final palette confirmed with a Damascus horticulturalist.

05  Constraints Summary

What the site asks the design to solve

Physical & technical

  • HV electricity corridor — keep clear, landscape-only over it (survey)
  • Sewer grading zone — level and drainage constraints (survey)
  • Summer thermal comfort — shade-first, evening-first, water-cooled
  • Tree preservation — retain remnant orchard & mature trees

Boundary, access & edges

  • Official boundary & tenure — to be validated by survey / authority
  • Safe pedestrian crossings on the bounding roads
  • Institutional / residential buffers — quiet edges near homes & schools
  • Preserve built & active plots — reclaim only open land

Constraint load scored 55/100 — real but manageable; none is a stopper. To be validated

06  Entrances & Mobility

Seven gates, one parking building, a car-free heart

Every placement below is derived from the real geometry — entrances snapped to actual deed-hull vertices, roads taken from the live OSM network (no invented streets), pedestrian gates set where the mapped building density is highest. See it all on the interactive map's Mobility layers.

How visitors arrive

By car

From Al Thawra Street (primary, west) and Al Mothana Ben Al Haretha Street (primary, east), with 6th Tishreen Street (trunk) carrying the south-west approach — the three heaviest real frontages.

On foot

From the dense NE / E / N residential edges — 220, 189 and 185 mapped buildings within 250 m of the three pedestrian gates. The catchment already walks here.

Public transport

Multi-modal stops sit on the perimeter today (nearest ≈240 m); gateways align with them so arrival by bus or service taxi is step-free.

Inside the park

A single golf-cart loop links all 13 signature zones on the service spine — the pedestrian gardens stay vehicle-free.

Recommended entrances — 7, each with a job

GateTypeWhere (real anchor)Purpose
MMain entranceWest frontage · Al Thawra StreetArrival plaza, drop-off lay-by, parking building and cart hub — the ceremonial and vehicular front door
SSecondary entranceEast frontage · Al Mothana Ben Al HarethaRelieves the main gate on weekends, festivals and event days
P1Pedestrian gateNorth-east edge (220 buildings / 250 m)Direct walk-in from the densest neighbourhood edge (Rukn al-Din side)
P2Pedestrian gateEast edge (189 buildings / 250 m)Everyday local access; nearest to the university edge
P3Pedestrian gateNorth edge (185 buildings / 250 m)Serves the northern blocks; evening-promenade entry
SVService entranceQuiet south-west edgeDeliveries, maintenance and horticulture — out of visitor sight
EEmergency accessQuiet south-west edgeClear apparatus route, kept free of daily traffic

Real geometry Gates sit on actual boundary vertices beside named OSM roads. Planning proposal Final positions follow the traffic-authority and survey gates.

Golf-cart circulation

One loop · 13 zones · 3 cart points

A single continuous cart loop threads all 13 signature zones along the service spine, so carts never cross the quiet gardens. Three cart entry/exit points: the main-gate hub (beside drop-off and the parking building), the secondary east gate, and the NE pedestrian gate — covering arrival, event days and the longest walking distances. Carts yield everywhere; pedestrian zones remain cart-free.

One parking building — placement logic

Inside the main gate, ~90 m off Al Thawra

In from Al Thawra Street; out toward the secondary frontage so entry and exit never share one junction. Pedestrians surface directly into the arrival plaza — no car-pedestrian crossing. VIP drop-off and the golf-cart hub sit between the structure and the gate; accessible bays sit nearest the lifts. One structure keeps the rest of the perimeter parking-free.

Traffic watchpoints — from the real network

Six junction watchpoints emerge where three or more major segments converge within 120 m of the boundary — clustered at the south / south-west corner (the Rasheed Karamy – 6th Tishreen weave) with one node at the north-west. The response is already in the plan: the main gate and parking sit on the west frontage away from that cluster, event flows split across M + S gates, and the S/SW watchpoints get the signalised crossings named in the risk register.

07  SWOT Analysis

Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats

◢ Strengths

  • One of the last large green parcels in the northern city — scarcity value scored 90/100
  • Deep cultural context: Ghouta edge, Qasioun, historic quarters, mausoleum
  • Faculty-of-Agriculture adjacency — a botanical & learning partner
  • Strong access: road frontage, bounding boulevard, dense walkable catchment
  • 68,000 residents within a 15-minute walk
  • Reclaim-only intent lowers land conflict and cost

◣ Weaknesses

  • Harsh summer heat drives high shade & water demand
  • Ongoing irrigation & maintenance cost in a water-stressed region
  • Official boundary & developable area not yet fixed
  • Utility corridors (HV power, sewer grading) segment part of the site
  • Phasing complexity around preserved built plots
  • Post-2011 data gaps (population, tenure) need re-survey

◹ Opportunities

  • Bring a major park to a side of Damascus that has none — distributional equity
  • Re-establish the Ghouta-descended orchard landscape at scale
  • Evening summer economy: markets, open-air cinema, food weekends
  • University learning partnership & botanical programme
  • Heritage tourism anchored by the Qasioun / Ghouta setting
  • A replicable, climate- & craft-appropriate model for other Syrian cities

◺ Threats

  • Funding continuity through a multi-year build
  • Permitting / tenure delays on an unfixed boundary
  • Operating-cost escalation (water, energy, staffing)
  • Water-allocation pressure in a dry region
  • Informal encroachment on open land before delivery
  • Over-commercialisation eroding the free, civic character

08  Design Principles

Twelve principles the plan holds to

09  Feasibility

Deliverable — the full study on its own page

7.6/ 10 · Feasible

Feasible, with three Phase-0 gates.

Reclaim-led land, strong access and a huge walk-in catchment; deliverability turns on the cadastral survey, the well-fed water strategy and funding continuity. The complete study — scorecard, factor deep-dives, cost logic, four-phase delivery, operations, a ten-risk register and the validation roadmap — is a dedicated page.

Gate 1

Boundary & tenure — cadastral survey and authority sign-off.

Gate 2

Water — well-yield pump tests for the near-zero-import strategy.

Gate 3

Funding line — phased capital plus a committed operations & maintenance line.

Open the full feasibility study →